A SURVEY OF EAST PALAEARCTIC GNAPHOSIDAE ( ARANEAE ) . 7 . REVIEW OF THE PARASYRISCA VINOSA-GROUP

INTRODUCTION Parasyrisca Schenkel, 1963 is a large genus of ground spiders with 50 valid species distributed in the Palaearctic except for P. orites (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1940) known from the Western Nearctic (WSC, 2016). The genus has high species diversity in the mountains of Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan), South Siberia (Altai and Tuva regions of Russia), Mongolia and in the Caucasus (Ovtsharenko et al., 1995; Mikhailov, 2013). Several species are known from the mountainous regions of Europe. The genus is well studied due to the revision by Ovtsharenko et al. (1995) and several regional studies (Fomichev, 2016; Kovblyuk, 2003; Marusik & Fomichev, 2010; Marusik & Fritzen, 2009; Szinetar et al., 2009; Tang & Zhao, 1998). Most of the species have limited ranges (Ovtsharenko et al., 1995). Ovtsharenko et al. (1995) recognized four species groups in Parasyrisca, namely potanini, vinosa, guzeripli and breviceps. The smallest group vinosa had only two species: P. vinosa (Simon, 1878) and P. ulykpani Ovtsharenko, Platnick et Marusik, 1995. Later, one more species P. marusiki Kovblyuk, 2003 was assigned to this group. Parasyrisca vinosa and P. marusiki are known by both sexes and P. ulykpani is known only from the males. While studying South Siberian and Mongolian Gnaphosidae we found samples containing males of P. ulykpani together with previously unknown females as well as an underscribed species belonging to the vinosa group. The goals of this paper are as follows: 1) to provide illustrated redescriptions of three species; 2) to describe a new species and a previously unknown female of P. ulykpani, and 3) to demonstrate variations of epigyne in P. vinosa.

3.10" image stacking software.Epigynes were cleared in a KOH/water solution until soft tissues were dissolved.Photographs were taken in dishes with paraffin on the bottom to hold the specimens in position.All measurements are given in millimeters.Length of leg segments were measured on the dorsal side.Data about spination based on examination of one specimen of each species (one side of the body).Apical spines on metatarsi III and IV were not counted.We followed terminology of the part of the copulatory organs and the standard of descriptions used in Ovtsharenko et al. (1995).

List of abbreviations
Museums ISEA Museum of the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals (Novosibirsk, Russia).MNHN National Museum of Natural History (Paris, France).ZISP Zoological Institute, Sankt-Petersburg (Russia).ZMMU Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University (Russia).ZMUT Zoological Museum, University of Turku (Finland).

Parasyrisca vinosa group
Parasyrisca vinosus group: Ovtsharenko et al., 1995: 39.Comments.The name of the species and species-group in Ovtsharenko et al. (1995) follow original Simon's spelling (vinosus), and was not coordinated with the feminine gender of the genus (Parasyrisca) after transferring from Drassodes Westring, 1851.The ending was corrected by Platnick (1998).
Diagnosis.The group can be easily defined and recognized due to two anterior pockets of the epigynal atrium (other species groups have only one), high base of septum with short pocket, opened (nod hidden) large embolus (partly or entirely hidden by tegulum in other species groups) and weakly sclerotized membranous "conductor" (well sclerotized in other species groups).
Material examined.1♂ 5♀ (MNHN), no locality data, Simon collection # 2057.Females from the studied sample most likely represent the syntypes that came from the localities shown on Fig. 31.
Diagnosis.Male differs from sibling P. ulykpani by longer sperm duct (Sd) and wider and shorter dorsal process (Dp) of tibial apophysis (cf.Figs 1-2 and 4-5).Females differs from these of P. golyakovi sp.n. by wider anterior pockets (Ap) and wider and posteriorly located septal pocket (Sp) 28).Females of P. vinosa and P. ulykpani are almost indistinguishable.The former species have longer receptacles reaching anterior pockets (fig.143 in Platnick et al., 1995), while the later species have receptacle heads posteriorly from the pockets (Fig. 20).
Description.Male was described by Simon (1914) and female, by Simon (1878).

Parasyrisca ulykpani
Description.Male.Described by Ovtsharenko et al. (1995) Epigyne as in Figs 17-20; span of anterior pockets (Ap) wider than atrium, basal part of septum with relatively wide septal pocket (Sp).Lateral margins of atrium subparallel.Receptacles (Re) long cylindrical, not clavate on the top, terminal halves of receptacles converging.
Diagnosis.Males of P. marusiki well differ from other congroupers by bifurcate posterior-dorsal part of tibial apophysis (Dp) larger than anterior (Aa) (other species have anterior part of tibial apophysis larger and posterior part not bifurcate) and broad embolus almost as wide as high (other species have embolus wider than high).Females of P. marusiki can be distinguished from other species by lack of septal pocket (present in all other congroupers) and bent (twisted) anterior part of receptacles (Ar) (straight in other species).
Description.Described by Kovblyuk (2003a,b, in Russian and in English).Distribution.Species is known from the highlands of the Crimean Reserve.
Etymology.The specific name is a patronym in honor of Pavel V. Golyakov, the director of the Tigirek Nature Reserve, who helped a lot in the organization of field trips in the reserve for collecting spiders and insects.

Review of the Parasyrisca vinosa-group
Epigyne as in Figs 15-16, 28-29 with elongated atrium and long lateral margins, converging posteriorly.Atrium wider than span of anterior pockets (Ap), lateral margins converging; septal pocket (Sp) small, pit like, located in anterior half of septum (Se).Endogyne with long and bent receptacles slightly clavate on the tips, anterior part of receptacles diverging.
Biology.Unlike most of other Siberian Parasyrisca species, which inhabit mainly highlands (mountain tundras, cryo-xerophyllous steppes) the new species was found in low mountains on altitude about 800 m in the meadow.
Distribution.Known only from the type locality.